“The idea of imposing civil and criminal liability on model developers when downstream users do something bad is so misguided and such a dangerous precedent. First off, the bill requires developers to prove that their models can’t possibly be used for any of the defined hazardous capabilities.”
Wants more rulesUS · StateEUSuperseded
Impose a developer duty of care for catastrophic harms
Make frontier developers legally answerable for catastrophic harms their models enable, reasonable-care standards, attorney-general enforcement, no blanket immunity.
Where it stands
The SB 1047-style liability/duty-of-care model was rejected in California (vetoed Sep 2024) and its successors pivoted to transparency (SB 53; the RAISE Act as chapter-amended). The EU flank was also set back: the AI Liability Directive was withdrawn (announced Feb 2025; formal withdrawal Oct 2025), with BEUC and partners pressing for replacement rules. No jurisdiction currently imposes an SB 1047-style duty of care on frontier developers; the transparency-mandate ask carries the successor vehicles.
first seen 2024-02-07 · last seen 2026-03-01 · locus: developer
Bill-status would miss this
The vehicles it rode
- 2024-08-31
Duty-of-care with AG enforcement passes both chambers
CA SB 1047 - 2024-09-29
Vetoed
CA SB 1047 - 2025-02-11
Commission 2025 work programme announces intention to withdraw the AI Liability Directive
AI Liability Directive - 2025-06-12
Penalty-bearing version passes NY legislature
NY RAISE Act - 2025-10-06
AI Liability Directive formally withdrawn (OJ C/2025/5423); file closed
AI Liability Directive - 2025-12-19
Signed with amendments narrowing enforcement
NY RAISE Act
2 claims · every quote links to its document
The record
For · 0
No on-the-record claims captured on this side. Absence here is a coverage fact, not a finding.
Against · 2
“While well-intentioned, SB 1047 does not take into account whether an AI system is deployed in high-risk environments, involves critical decision-making or the use of sensitive data. Instead, the bill applies stringent standards to even the most basic functions — so long as a large system deploys it.”