“The idea of imposing civil and criminal liability on model developers when downstream users do something bad is so misguided and such a dangerous precedent. First off, the bill requires developers to prove that their models can’t possibly be used for any of the defined hazardous capabilities.”
US · StateCalifornia Legislature, 2023–24
California SB 1047 — Safe and Secure Innovation for Frontier AI Models Act
The first serious state frontier-safety bill. Passed both chambers; vetoed. Its asks did not die, they were re-vehicled into SB 53 and the NY RAISE Act.
Vehicles carry asks; asks outlive them
Asks on this vehicle
- Wants more rulesMandate published safety frameworks and incident reportingPartially adopted
- Wants more rulesImpose a developer duty of care for catastrophic harmsSuperseded
Sorted by what filers wanted done to the rules
Claims filed here
“While well-intentioned, SB 1047 does not take into account whether an AI system is deployed in high-risk environments, involves critical decision-making or the use of sensitive data. Instead, the bill applies stringent standards to even the most basic functions — so long as a large system deploys it.”
“The RAISE Act would create a legal minefield for New Yorkers trying to innovate by imposing vague, unworkable standards that punish developers instead of bad actors. This bill would stifle AI tech development, harm economic competitiveness and undermine free expression. NetChoice urges Governor Hochul to veto this misguided legislation and support a clear, national approach to AI governance”
“We are therefore proposing a targeted transparency framework, one that could be applied at the federal, state, or international level, and which applies only to the largest AI systems and developers while establishing clear disclosure requirements for safety practices.”
“This level of forced transparency goes beyond reasonable accountability and may discourage responsible companies from operating in California. It also creates opportunities for misuse by malicious actors who could exploit disclosed model weaknesses or mitigation gaps.”
“While the code’s safety and security measures have been streamlined for greater clarity, they remain overly prescriptive and disproportionate – for example, with respect to external evaluations. Furthermore, key measures in the final code still go beyond the AI Act’s agreed scope and objectives, subjecting potential signatories to burdensome requirements.”
“Today, we’re announcing our intention to sign the EU’s Code of Practice for General Purpose AI—subject to the current version being formally approved by the AI Board during its upcoming adequacy assessment.”
“Europe is heading down the wrong path on AI. We have carefully reviewed the European Commission's Code of Practice for general-purpose AI (GPAI) models and Meta won't be signing it. This Code introduces a number of legal uncertainties for model developers, as well as measures which go far beyond the scope of the AI Act.”
Speaker: Joel Kaplan, Chief Global Affairs Officer, Meta.
“After review, Anthropic intends to sign the European Union's General-Purpose AI Code of Practice. We believe the Code advances the principles of transparency, safety and accountability—values that have long been championed by Anthropic for frontier AI development.”
“We will join several other companies, including U.S. model providers, in signing the European Union’s General Purpose AI Code of Practice. We do so with the hope that this Code, as applied, will promote European citizens’ and businesses’ access to secure, first-rate AI tools as they become available.”
Signing announced with stated reservations on copyright departures, approvals, and trade-secret exposure.
“SB 53’s transparency requirements will have an important impact on frontier AI safety. Without it, labs with increasingly powerful models could face growing incentives to dial back their own safety and disclosure programs in order to compete.”
“California has proven that we can establish regulations to protect our communities while also ensuring that the growing AI industry continues to thrive. This legislation strikes that balance.”
“By enacting the RAISE Act, New York is once again leading the nation in setting a strong and sensible standard for frontier AI safety, holding the biggest developers accountable for their safety and transparency protocols”
“Sponsored and passed SB 53, California’s landmark AI safety law. Helped pass the RAISE Act, New York’s landmark AI safety law.”
Mutable homepage; quote verified live 2026-07-21. docDate records access date.