legislature

California Legislature

California United States

State legislature that enacted the Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act (SB 53).

Policy questions

Recorded interests

Frontier safety

Should frontier models face mandatory evaluations?

Evaluation language is widespread in policy texts. Thresholds, evaluators and legal consequences remain contested.

Policy asks

Connected outcomes

in-force

Require large frontier developers to publish catastrophic-risk safety frameworks

Require covered large frontier developers to write, implement, comply with and publish a frontier AI framework covering catastrophic-risk assessment, mitigations and related disclosures.

Policy vehicles

regulation · In force

California SB 53 · Transparency in Frontier Artificial Intelligence Act

Chaptered California statute requiring large frontier developers to publish frontier AI frameworks, transparency reports and critical-incident pathways.

Event history

Recorded actions

2025-09-29
California SB 53 chaptered into law
SB 53 was approved by the Governor and chaptered as Chapter 138, Statutes of 2025.
2026-01-01
California frontier AI transparency duties take effect
Chapter 25.1 of the Business and Professions Code became effective.

Evidence

Passages linked to this actor

Direct sourceOpen evidence record

California requires large frontier developers to publish a frontier AI framework

Business and Professions Code section 22757.12(a) requires covered developers to write, implement, comply with and publish a frontier AI framework.

A large frontier developer shall write, implement, comply with, and clearly and conspicuously publish on its internet website a frontier AI framework that applies to the large frontier developer’s frontier models and describes how the large frontier developer approaches all of the following:

California Legislative Information · Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.12(a)

Direct sourceOpen evidence record

California’s frontier AI transparency chapter took effect on 1 January 2026

The chaptered statute records an effective date of 1 January 2026.

(Added by Stats. 2025, Ch. 138, Sec. 2. (SB 53) Effective January 1, 2026.)

California Legislative Information · Cal. Bus. & Prof. Code § 22757.10 historical note