Source ledger

Evidence

Each record explains what a passage establishes, why it matters, its limits and every policy entity that relies on it.

Direct source

Article 50 transparency duties entered into application

The Commission states that Article 50 applies from 2 August 2026.

Direct source

EU rules require detectable machine-readable marks

The Commission describes a technical marking duty for covered AI-generated or altered content.

Direct source

China’s synthetic-content labelling measures entered into force

Article 14 sets 1 September 2025 as the effective date.

Cross-source analysis

EU and Chinese rules converge on provider-side labelling

Both regimes impose provider-facing duties, although their legal scope and enforcement structure differ.

Direct source

H.R. 8094 directs the FTC to establish foundation-model disclosure rules

The bill would require regulations covering training data, documentation, testing, inference-time collection and model operations.

Direct source

China’s agent guidance links development to lifecycle governance

The guidance defines agents by autonomous capabilities and places safety requirements across research, deployment and promotion.

Direct source

China’s agent guidance defines AI agents by five capabilities

The opinions define an AI agent as an intelligent system with autonomous perception, memory, decision, interaction and execution capabilities.

Direct source

China’s agent guidance keeps final decision rights with users

Item 6 requires that users retain informed consent and final decision rights over agent autonomous decisions, and that agent actions stay inside user authorisation.

Direct source

China’s agent guidance sets classified and graded governance

Item 11 directs cyberspace and sector authorities to set open scenes in sensitive and key industries, with filing, testing and problem-product recall measures under applicable law and standards.

Direct source

H.R. 9442 proposes a conditional moratorium on AI data centres

The bill would stop construction or upgrading of covered facilities until specified safeguards are enacted and Congress expressly ends the pause.

Direct source

H.R. 9442 would require quarterly public infrastructure reporting

The bill directs the Energy Secretary to publish facility-level information on water, energy, emissions, labour and other impacts.

Direct source

California requires large frontier developers to publish a frontier AI framework

Business and Professions Code section 22757.12(a) requires covered developers to write, implement, comply with and publish a frontier AI framework.

Direct source

California’s frontier AI transparency chapter took effect on 1 January 2026

The chaptered statute records an effective date of 1 January 2026.

Direct source

OECD Recommendation defines an AI system for adherents

The revised Recommendation states a shared definition of an AI system used across many national frameworks.

Direct source

OECD Council revised the AI Recommendation on 3 May 2024

The legal-instrument text records the May 2024 ministerial revision addressing generative AI and related developments.

Direct source

NIST states the AI RMF is intended for voluntary use

NIST’s AI RMF overview describes the framework as voluntary and designed to improve trustworthiness risk management.

Direct source

UNESCO Member States adopted the AI ethics recommendation in November 2021

UNESCO’s official page states that 193 Member States adopted the Recommendation on the Ethics of Artificial Intelligence in November 2021.

Direct source

Commission received the final GPAI Code of Practice on 10 July 2025

The Commission announcement records receipt of the final voluntary Code covering transparency, copyright and safety/security chapters.

Direct source

IEA reports data-centre electricity demand grew 17% in 2025

The IEA executive summary states global data-centre electricity demand grew 17% in 2025 and AI-focused centres grew 50%.

Direct source

IEA projects data-centre electricity near 950 TWh by 2030

The IEA central projection roughly doubles data-centre electricity from 485 TWh in 2025 to 950 TWh in 2030.

Direct source

CoE Framework Convention aims to keep AI consistent with human rights, democracy and the rule of law

Article 1(1) states the Convention’s aim for activities across the AI lifecycle.

Direct source

CoE Framework Convention sets a five-party entry-into-force rule

Article 30(3) requires five consenting parties, including at least three Council of Europe member States.

Direct source

BIS revises EAR rules for advanced computing integrated circuits

The 16 January 2025 interim final rule revises EAR controls regarding advanced computing ICs.

Direct source

Japan’s AI Promotion Act frames AI as fundamental economic and social technology

Article 1 states the statute’s purpose around research, development and utilization of AI-related technology.

Direct source

Japan’s AI Promotion Act directs national guidelines aligned with international norms

Article 13 requires the national government to establish guidelines in accordance with the purport of international norms.

Direct source

C2PA specifies a technical standard for content provenance and authenticity

The specification states C2PA developed a technical standard for providing content provenance and authenticity.

Direct source

UK white paper keeps AI principles non-statutory initially

The white paper states principles will be issued on a non-statutory basis and implemented by existing regulators.

Direct source

Korea’s AI Basic Act took effect on 22 January 2026

MSIT states the AI Basic Act and Enforcement Decree come into force on 22 January 2026.

Direct source

Korea’s Enforcement Decree requires clear labelling of generative AI outputs

MSIT describes Enforcement Decree Article 23 duties to inform users and clearly label generative AI outputs, including deepfakes.

Direct source

Singapore’s Model AI Governance Framework is voluntary

The second edition describes the Model Framework as a voluntary, ready-to-use tool.